Attic Cholesteatoma Radiopaedia

Upon reaching the posterolateral wall of the attic further expansion of the cholesteatoma is deflected superiorly toward the aditus ad antrum and mastoid antrum.

Attic cholesteatoma radiopaedia.

However the sequence is prone to artefact and care must be taken how the sequence is performed and interpreted 2. The ossicular chain is intact. The relevant aspects of cholesteatomas are reviewed with the emphasis on their diagnosis by using cross sectional imaging. Conventional non contrast mr imaging with diffusion weighted imaging is recommended in all patients with a suspicion of cholesteatoma.

The attic is just above the eardrum. This case is a histologically proven case of cholesteatoma. A cholesteatoma is an abnormal sac of keratinizing squamous epithelium and accumulation of keratin within the middle ear or mastoid air cell spaces which can become infected and also erode neighbouring structures. As the cholesteatoma fills the aditus ad antrum the adjacent lateral semicircular canal is at risk.

Soft tissue occupying the right middle ear involving prussak spaces and the attic. The mass extends superiorly into the attic and appears to have eroded through the tegmentum as well as through the fallopian canal of the facial nerve and perhaps the lateral semicircular canal. Radiopaedia is free thanks to our supporters and advertisers. If untreated a cholesteatoma can eat into the three small bones located in the middle ear the malleus incus and stapes collectively called ossicles which can result in nerve deterioration deafness imbalance and vertigo.

For comparison the annual incidence of middle ear cholesteatoma is around 9 2 per 100 000. The overall incidence rate in one large study was 0 30 per year per 100 000 inhabitants 1. The external acoustic canal is a rare location for a cholesteatoma with an estimated incidence around 1 2 per 1 000 new otological patients. Fluid in the adjacent mastoid air cells.

Erosion of the malleus and incus as well as the scutum. Normally aerated mastoid air cells. If the cholesteatoma has been dry the cholesteatoma may present the appearance of wax over the attic. It is the only entity that demonstrates high signal intensity on dwi.

The indications and limitations of ct and mr imaging and the use of novel mr imaging techniques in the diagnosis of cholesteatomas are described. Hrct of the temporal bone has an excellent spatial resolution thus even small soft tissue lesions can be accurately. An mri should be performed especially in patients with previous surgery for cholesteatoma since recurrence or residual tumor can be detected with great accuracy. The tegmentum tympani is intact.